PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false ]; try { $db = new PDO($dsn, $db_user, $db_pass, $options); } catch (\PDOException $e) { throw new \PDOException($e->getMessage(), (int)$e->getCode()); } return $db; } ?>